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If an alternator/generator is temporarily disconnected, will it still be difficult to turn the shaft?
If the connections to the alternator were temporarily cut then would it still produce electricity? Would the forced required to spin the shaft significantly decrease?
in other words, is there a way to turn a generator ON or OFF even while its shaft is still spinning? (like an aircon compressor in a car where turning it off would lessen the load on the car engine)
Just an experiment, I'm thinking of installing a car alternator at the rear of a gas-electric hybrid motorcycle and connect it to the rear wheel through a pulley/sprocket. this way I can have my own regenerative brakes if I close the generator circuit. What do you think?
I am also open to the possibility of loosening/tightening the belt with a belt tensioner (similar to the ones used for a car timing belt)
If the alternator is open circuited, then no electrical power can leave the machine. If no electrical power can leave the machine, then the full mechanical power won't be taken in on the engine side. (This makes lots of simplifications for automotive applications only...)
There will still be mechanical friction and windage losses due to spinning the rotor, but these will be small compared to total machine power rating.
If you want to install a clutch, you can reduce off-time losses, but the easiest thing will be to switch open the alternator.
WARNING: Some alternators will produce excessive overvoltages and fail if they are open circuited. This is especially true of high-rpm motorcycle alternators. Be prepared to replace the alternator if you alter the charging circuit.